What is bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder affects around 1–2% of people. Bipolar I involves at least one episode of mania; bipolar II involves hypomania and depression; cyclothymia involves milder, chronic mood swings. On average it takes several years and multiple misdiagnoses before bipolar disorder is correctly identified.
Because mood instability, impulsivity and poor concentration occur in both bipolar disorder and ADHD, and the two frequently coexist, our psychiatrists are particularly experienced in telling them apart.
Signs and symptoms
Elevated mood (mania / hypomania)
- Unusually high energy, euphoria or irritability
- Needing much less sleep without feeling tired
- Racing thoughts and rapid speech
- Grand plans, over-spending, risk-taking
Low mood
- Deep depression, hopelessness
- Fatigue, loss of interest
- Sleeping too much or too little
- Thoughts of self-harm or suicide
Mixed features
- Agitation alongside low mood
- Rapid switching between states
- Anxiety and irritability
Impact
- Disrupted relationships and work
- Financial or legal consequences of impulsive decisions
- Periods of stability between episodes
How we assess bipolar disorder
A 90-minute consultation with a consultant psychiatrist including a detailed history of mood episodes over your lifetime, family history, substance use, sleep patterns and previous treatment response. Where possible we gather information from a family member. We use structured tools and screen carefully for ADHD, personality difficulties and thyroid or other physical causes.
You receive a written report within five working days with a clear diagnosis and treatment plan.
How we treat bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder is a long-term condition, but with the right treatment most people achieve long periods of stability. Your plan may include:
- Mood-stabilising medication such as lithium, lamotrigine or an atypical antipsychotic, with appropriate blood monitoring
- Psychoeducation so you and your family can recognise early warning signs
- Psychological therapy focused on relapse prevention and sleep regulation
- Careful management of any ADHD, since stimulants need to be introduced cautiously once mood is stable
- Regular consultant reviews and a crisis plan